Bee Kinds Assortment
Out of 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 192 bee varieties (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been trapped from inside the Calanques National Playground through both web and you can bowl pitfall stuff. It belonged to help you six family members and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae is actually many varieties-steeped family relations, followed closely by Apidae and you will Halictidae, having 53, 44, and you can 43 types, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 try the fresh richest genus, having 33 species, while eight genera were depicted by the singular species (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table step 1 [on line only] ). Utilizing the jackknife 1 and you will 2 indexes, the complete bee kinds fullness try estimated as ranging from ± 9.89 and ± . The new noticed richness therefore represented 71.step three in order to 79.6% of projected bee fullness ( Dining table dos). The new Chao1 approach estimated the newest seen fullness to be 76.8% of your own potential restriction fullness ( Dining table dos). The quintessential numerous types try Apis mellifera L. (276 anyone), with Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you can 168 some one, respectively), and you can Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 someone). In the long run, 50 kinds (26%) was depicted by the only 1 private (singletons).
Environment Faculties out-of Bees
Regarding your environment traits from nesting choices, i identified 59 solitary bee types nesting over soil, 92 single bee variety nesting below ground and you will 23 cleptoparasitic types, corresponding to 30.eight, 47.9, and a dozen.0% of full bee kinds richness, correspondingly. We observed four societal species (bumble bees and you can honey bees-dos.1%). Eventually, the fresh nesting choices out-of 14 varieties are still not familiar (eight.3%- Supp Table step 1 [on the internet simply] ). Regarding the flowery diet out-of bee varieties, i learned that 105 variety (54.7%) foraged on the an array of plant types (we.age., generalist species, polylectic) and 51 varieties (twenty six.5%) foraged on a single plant family unit members or that/couple plant variety (i.e., professional varieties, oligolectic). Towards remaining thirty six bee variety (18.8%), this new flowery diet wasn’t understood (age.grams., for cleptoparasitic species). But not, extremely generalist types exhibited an inclination for one otherwise a number of bush family members ( Supp Dining table 1 [on line only] ). For the forty two singletons, 14 bee kinds (28%) were specialist, and nine bee species (18%) have been cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table step 1 [online simply] ).
A keen IUCN position try available for 178 varieties (excluding the kinds complexes and you may unidentified varieties). One of those, 47 variety was classified since the data lacking (DD-twenty six.4%), 124 species was indeed minimum concerned (LC-69.6%), six types were close threatened (NT-3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and another variety is actually experienced endangered (EN-0.6%; L. https://datingranking.net/angelreturn-review/ soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Dining table 1 [on the internet merely] ). Three oligolectic types was basically among eight endangered bee kinds. A good. ovatula and you will C. albomaculatus was experts for the Fabaceae, D. argentata is actually a professional towards Caprifoliaceae.
Away from 2009 in order to 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was basically trapped within the Calanques Federal Park. It belonged to twenty four genera ( Supp Desk 2 [on the internet merely] ). Probably the most plentiful genera was Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 people), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 individuals), and you can Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville inside the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen individuals), whereas 20 species (53%) have been illustrated by the one private ( Supp Dining table 2 [on the web simply] ). The new bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was basically portrayed from the 20 varieties, and four singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table step three [on line merely] ). Brand new quote of complete variety fullness regarding hover flies and you can bee flies is anywhere between 83 and you can 97 species using the jackknife step 1 and you may 2 indexes, respectively. Thus, the new observed richness represented 59.8–69.9% of the estimated hover fly and you may bee fly richness ( Dining table 2).
